Государственное управление лесами Польши

Abstract

Рассматривается государственное управление лесами в Польше. Проанализирована динамика состояния лесных ресурсов страны, объёмов их заготовки и цен на древесную продукцию. Особое внимание уделено структуре и функциям органов управления государственными лесами Польши и их сотрудничеству с частными владельцами лесов. Результаты управления лесами определяются состоянием лесных ресурсов, динамикой их изменения, объёмами заготовки древесины с учётом цен на неё и специализацией Польши на выпуске конечной продукции из древесины. The purpose of this article is to study the experience, results and the very model of managing Polish forests. Since the Polish and Russian forests are in similar conditions and have a similar level of forestry development, the successful experience of one country can be adopted by another country. The most significant condition bringing our countries together is the predominance of state ownership of forests. The article discusses the Polish model of forest management, including the structure of state forest management bodies and their functions. The article also traces the understanding by the Polish leadership of the mission and the role of forests in the development of society. Improving the management of the forest sector should cover all stages from forest cultivation, harvesting and processing to obtaining finished products of deep processing. Therefore, the results of applying the Polish forest management model are determined in the article by the state of forest resources, the dynamics of their change, the volume of timber harvested taking into account its prices and Poland’s specialization in the production of final wood products. To identify successes in forest management, we studied the dynamics of changes in the state of Poland’s forest resources, their harvesting volumes and prices for wood products. Particular attention is paid to the cooperation of state forest management bodies with private forest owners. Thanks to the creation of the state forest holding, Poland managed to establish an effective forest management system. Having financial independence from the state budget, the holding is working successfully, implementing sustainable forestry and making a profit. The statistics considered in this article demonstrate the positive dynamics of the formation of forest resources in Poland, a steady increase in timber harvesting and processing, as well as the achievement of high rates of specialization in deep wood processing products on the world market. This is evidenced by a significant increase in the role of Poland in the global production and export of furniture.