Abstract
The shortage of donor corneas for keratoplasty in patients with severe disorders (persistent opacity, corneal leucoma of IV–V categories, including leucoma with vascularization, after burns, multiple transplant failures, with extensive symblepharon, Stevens – Johnson syndrome, Lyell's syndrome, ocular cicatricial pemphigoid, etc) is currently compensated by keratoprostheses, which partly or completely consist of synthetic materials, show good engraftment and high vision restoration efficacy. The article is a review of main scientific papers on keratoprostheses. The authors state characteristics of different types of keratoprosthesis, indications and outcomes of their use, complications, efficacy rate and postoperative visual acuity. Each of the presented types of keratoprosthesis has its own benefits and drawbacks, so their improvement to achieve better surgical outcomes remains relevant and needs further study. Key words: ophthalmic surgery, corneal opacity, keratoplasty, multiple transplant failures, keratoprostheses
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