Abstract
心学是宋明理学的一派, 与性理学一样继承了孔孟的思想. 但是因为朱熹以为这个学派和禅宗的说教很接近, 结果被后人称之为禅学分流. 所以我们对陆九渊心学, 不可简单地评断为“本自禅中来”. 佛教的禅观之学, 对陆学确有一定的影响和启发, 但陆学在根本精神上与禅学是有所区别的. 从思想史的角度来看, 宋代的理学家们-不管是心学家, 还是性理学家- 他们的学说都明显带有佛道两家的印记, 用佛道的思辨方式讨论儒家学说, 是当时宋代理学的最大特色. 还有宋儒钱时, 他是陆九渊的弟子. 他通过解释≪論语≫的过程中, 宣扬他心学的观点, 与朱熹解释的《論语》有所不同. 本文中, 叙述了儒学与佛学思想的发展过程, 通过这样的理解,我们才知道应该如何理解心学与禅学的关系. 还有分析了在经典解释上心学与性理学的差异, 究明了心学是儒学最正统的继承.
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