명청시대의 쿠쉬야르 성표 연구

Abstract

Madkhal, a book on the Astrology of Kūshyār ibn Labbān (963-1029) was one of the Arabic manuscripts presented to the Kubilai Khan (1215-1294) of Yuan China in 1267 by Jamal al-din, astronomer of Buhara. His book was first translated into Chinese in 1383 by Islamic astronomers of the early Ming China. Later, it was called Mingyi Tianwenshu (明譯天文書). In this book, the Islamic star table of 30 fixed stars is included. Interestingly, however, we noted that there are many different versions of star tables of 30 fixed stars from the same origin (ie, Madkhal) included in the astronomical manuscripts of the Ming and Qing Period. It was the result that Chinese astronomers have made the star tables of the different epoch with the different precession rate since Western astronomy was introduced to China. In this paper, we compare and discuss the star tables of 30 fixed stars included in the Chinese manuscripts such as the Mingyi Tianwenshu, the Lisuan quanshu (曆算全書) of Mei Wending (梅文鼎, 1633-1721), and the Huihuili-fa (回回曆法) of the Daoguang edition (道光本). In addition, we discuss several evidences and calculation results that indicate a close relationship between the Seong-yo (星要) of Nam Byeong Chul (南秉哲, 1817~1863) and the Islamic star table of 30 fixed stars (ie, 回回三十星甲午經度) included in the Huihuili-fa of Daoguang edition.