ПЕРСПЕКТИВИ ДЕКАРБОНІЗАЦІЇ МЕТАЛУРГІЙНИХ ТЕХНОЛОГІЙ

Abstract

The article considers the possibilities of using decarbonization technologies in the production of steel products. The world experience of using advanced technologies is generalized and the possibilities of their application in metallurgical production are presented, taking into account the emissions of carbon dioxide responsible for the greenhouse effect and global warming of the Earth. The directions of research projects in the metallurgical industry, the results and the conclusions that follow from them are presented. Possibilities of application of decarbonization technologies in the process of preparation of charge materials, production of cast iron and steel are shown. It is noted that the trend of decarbonization of steel significantly changes traditional metallurgy. At the same time, the possibilities of modern technologies of metal production do not allow to significantly abandon the use of natural gas and carbon (coal and coke) as a reducing agent and energy source in metallurgical production processes. Possibilities of modern and perspective metallurgical processes concerning production of products with the minimum carbon trace are shown. The problems facing the metallurgy of Ukraine to reduce СО2 emissions and the introduction of technologies for decarbonization of metal production are highlighted. It is shown that for the implementation of steel decarbonization processes it is necessary to take into account the following: the need for structural restructuring of the metallurgical industry; the need for radical modernization of the metallurgical industry through the introduction of fundamentally new energy-saving production technologies; limiting inefficient exports of raw materials and semi-finished products; introduction of "green" steel production technologies; strengthening the role of research in the production of metallurgical products with low carbon footprint; strengthening the interaction of science, enterprises and the state in the implementation of global projects for the production of low-carbon metallurgical products.