РЕФОРМЫ УПРАВЛЕНИЯ СТРОИТЕЛЬСТВОМ В XIX ВЕКА В РОССИИ

Abstract

The article is a continuation of the study of the management of the construction sector in the Russian Empire. XIX century is a time of fundamentally new approaches in this industry. Transformations are taking place in the field of construction production and in its regulatory framework. Architectural science is developing, new building materials and structures are being introduced, new branches of construction production are emerging (construction of railways, erection of buildings using large-span structures). The Construction Charter is prepared and issued, which is repeatedly reissued at this time - the main regulatory document governing the design of construction and the management of these processes. The Timed Provisions defining the standardization of construction production are being introduced and improved. At the same time, there is a search for the most rational management system for the architectural and construction complex. It is no coincidence that during the 19th century the head organization of construction management, as well as the territorial and local bodies of control and management subordinate to it, are changed three times. Management issues are transferred to the Ministries and equivalent institutions. The first state body for managing the architectural and construction complex was the Ministry of Internal Affairs. However, by the 1830s need to organize a specialized construction management arose, which will become the Main Directorate of Railways and Public Buildings. In the 1860s, construction management changed again - the Technical and Construction Committee of the Ministry of Internal Affairs became the head organization. All these transformations are accompanied by corresponding reforms in the field.