НАКОПИЧЕННЯ ВАЖКИХ МЕТАЛІВ РОСЛИНАМИ S. VIMINALIS ЗА РОСТУ НА СУБСТРАТІ ЗІ СТЕБНИЦЬКОГО ХВОСТОСХОВИЩА

Abstract

On the northeastern outskirts of Stebnyk region is a tailing dump which contain 22 million t of waste, including heavy metals (HM). The waste causes salinization of groundwater, reservoirs and surrounding areas. The article considers the issue of contamination chemical elements of different hazard class at the Stebnyk tailing.The content of heavy metals in substrates before and after 30 days of grows Salix viminalis L. plants growth was determined. The excess of cadmium, strontium and ferrum content relativeto the MPC is shown. Excessing of the clark was observed in lead, copper, zinc, zirconium (only in control), strontium and manganese. S. viminalis plants growth affected the content of some HMs in substrates. Significant reduction of the content of ferrum in the experimental substrate was noticed, compared with the initial content (before planting). The highest coefficient of concentration was in cadmium and molybdenum. For such elements as cadmium and iron in the substrate from experimental and control sites, the data exceeded 1. By the total pollution index, the substrate from Stebnik’s tailing is classified as the third category of pollution according to the content of the HMs. The highest amount of HMs was accumulated in the roots of plants, compared with other plants organs. S. viminalis plants in the largest numbe raccumulated molybdenum, strontium, chromium and zinc. Studies on the biogeochemical activity of plants have shown that they have a high ability to accumulate heavy metals. The smallest index had the stems and roots of control plants relative to the experiment. It should be noted that the data of biogeochemical activity was higher than 5–10, which indicates that the territory of Stebnyk’s tailing is characterized by technogenic load. Despite the high concentrations of HMs, S. viminalis plants ostended high resistance to growing conditions.