Морфологічна мінливість фоліарних показників Populus tremula L. в умовах техногенного навантаження

Abstract

The article presents the study of leaf morphological features of Populus tremula L. Growing under the conditions of the influence emissions from Burshtynska TPP. The methods of linear morphometry were used to analyze the variability of the morphological parameters of leaves at high levels of pollutants. In the zone of influence of the industrial object there is a significant decrease in the foliar parameters. Uneven variability of morphological parameters between the study plots of industrial pollution and with minimized technogenic load are revealed. Levels of variability of morphological parameters are estimated using coefficient of variation, which for most of the analyzed morphological features at the polluted plot load is characterized by high and average values. The most varied ones were the distance between the first and second veins and the length of the second vein from the base of the leaf vein. For bioindication of anthropogenic load, an index of fluctuating asymmetry of P. tremul leaf blades has been tested. The analysis of the fluctuating asymmetry was based on leaf linear measurements and area of ​​ the halves of leaf blades. The results indicated an increase in fluctuating asymmetry index in plant growing at the polluted plot, both in linear measurements and in area indices. The comparison of the two approaches to the estimation of the level of fluctuating asymmetry has been carried out. As a result of this study, those foliar morphometric parameters of P. tremula, which exhibit high morphological reactivity under the influence of anthropogenic load, can be used as bioindicatory markers for assessing the state of the environment. A reliable indicator of technological pressure is the level of fluctuating asymmetry that can be recommended for use in bioindicative studies.