Abstract
The article describes the characteristics of the seed progeny of plus trees Pinus sylvestris L. at the age of 37, he was born in the Akmola region of Northern Kazakhstan. The purpose of the study is to carry out a preliminary selection and genetic assessment of the plus pine trees based on the results of testing their semi-plus offspring of the first generation. The safety of test cultures is 57.5%. The research covered 73 families of half-sibs, the total sample was 5,553 trees. It was found that in terms of height, more than half of the families (56.2%) had an excess over the control. However, only 28.8% of families were significantly higher than the control, the breeding effect of which was within 6.0%. The average trunk diameter of these families exceeded the control by 3.9%. Of these families, less than a quarter (23.8%) significantly exceeded the control value by 14.9%. As a result, 5 families (1k, 13k, 42, 38, 3k) were classified as the most productive. When assessing the sanitary condition of half-siblings, 2 families (51k and 16k) were classified as weakened, and the remaining families were classified as healthy. When assessing qualitative characteristics, clustering was carried out, with the help of which the studied families were divided into 3 main groups. The weakened families were united into a separate cluster. According to the results of score assessments, the trees of these families had poor trunk quality and weak stability. The second and third clusters are formed from families with high average grades and good condition. However, the families of the third cluster, according to the results of ball scores, are the most stable, differ in greater straightness and dense bifurcation. It was found that according to the results of a comprehensive selection and genetic assessment of the offspring of P. sylvestris plus trees of the first generation, 6.9% of families (1k, 13k, 42, 38, 3k) were classified as promising.
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