Abstract
This paper presents the results of the preparation and study of multi-component ceramics with the perovskite structure, the composition of which reflects the formula (Mg,Ca,Ba,Sr,Pb,Al, Ti,Nb)O 3 . Samples were obtained by solid-phase synthesis. The initial components of the charge were powders of BaCO 3 , Nb 2 O 5 , Al 2 O 3 , SrCO 3 , CaCO 3 , MgO, PbO, TiO 2 . The powder mixture was ground by a ball mill to obtain a homogeneous mixture. The finished powder formulations were compacted into cylinder shapes. The pressing process was carried out with the use of a metal mold and a hydraulic press. Sintering was carried out on a platinum substrate in a tubular furnace with silicon carbide heaters at 1350 °C for 5 hours. After sintering the samples were ground into powder to further study their structure and chemical composition. The chemical composition of the obtained samples was studied by a JEOL JSM 7001F scanning microscope equipped with an energy-dispersive X-ray fluorescence analyzer INCA Х-max 80 (Oxford Instruments). The structure was studied on a Rigaku Ultima IV powder diffractometer by X-ray phase analysis. The results of electron microscopic investigation showed that the studied samples contained a large number of cubic crystals, which composition had the perovskite structure with the formula (Mg,Ca,Ba,Sr,Pb)(Al,Ti,Nb)O 3 . Besides, the composition of the samples contained crystals of different composition and shape. The X-ray phase study of the samples confirms this conclusion. The studied samples contain a large amount of material with the perovskite structure (the pure samples from the database closest to this phase are CaTiO 3 , SrTiO 3 ). Along with this, in the composition of the studied samples niobates and niobate-titanates of alkaline earth metals are present in significant quantities. Further studies in this direction should make it possible to obtain monophasic samples of these kinds of substances suitable for studying their electromagnetic characteristics.
Highlights
После спекания образцы измельчали до состояния порошка для дальнейшего изучения их структуры и химического состава
Образцы были получены методом твердофазного синтеза
This paper presents the results of the preparation and study of multi-component ceramics
Summary
Образцы спекали в течение 5 часов при температуре 1350 °С на платиновой подложке, помещенной в трубчатую печь с карбидокремниевыми нагревателями. Для исследования структуры полученных образцов методом рентгеновского фазового анализа использовали дифрактометр Rigaku Ultima IV. Диапазон регистрации рентгенограмм углов 2θ от 15 до 65 град. Химический состав образцов изучали посредством микроскопа JEOL JSM 7001F с энергодисперсионным рентгенфлуоресцентным анализатором INCA X-max 80 (Oxford Instruments). 1–3 представлены полученные с помощью электронного микроскопа изображения микроструктуры образцов, показаны некоторые участки, состав которых определялся методом РСМА. % от общего количества атомов металла) представлены в табл. 2 приведены рассчитанные по представленным данным значения конфигурационной энтропии смешения для данных участков, для расчѐта которых в этом случае использована формула: ΔSconf (xiM ln xiM ) R , j где xiM – доля атомов металла в общем числе атомов металлов. Что для оценки в первом приближении в данном случае еѐ можно использовать
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