Анализ полиморфных вариантов гена GHRL и показателей психологического скрининга у больных сахарным диабетом 2 типа

Abstract

Type 2 diabetes mellitus is a multifactorial chronic disease that develops as a result of insulin resistance. One of the causes of insulin resistance is the presence of obesity. The aim of our study was to analyze polymorphic variants of the ghrelin gene GHRL with the development of T2D in the population of the Republic of Bashkortostan. The group of T2D patients included 396 people, the control group included 380 individuals. The study was carried out using the PCR-RFLP method. An increase in the frequency of the rare allele T (Met) of the GHRL rs696217 gene was found in the control group (P=0.004, OR=0.56 (95% CI 0.39-0.81). An analysis was made of quantitative indicators of psychological testing of the level of impulsivity, eating behavior in patients with type 2 diabetes and in controls. Among patients, an association was found with the level of impulsivity (P=0.039), eating disorders according to the EAT-26 questionnaire (P=0.016) and the DEBQ questionnaire for Emotional Eating Behavior in patients (P=0.0062). Analysis of psychological parameters in the control group revealed association with increased body weight of carriers of the Leu/Leu genotype (P=0.0026), BMI level (P=0.02) and violation of the External type of eating behavior (P=0.04). Analysis of the ROC curve shows that the area under the curve (AUC) was 82.4% (95% CI 83.5-87.4) with a sensitivity of 79.0% and a specificity of 75%, indicating a good ability of the selected parameters (the ghrelin gene included in the analysis, as well as age, gender and BMI) to classify individuals for the presence of T2D in the Tatar population. In this study, we assessed the effect of polymorphic variants of the GHRL gene on the development of T2D in the population of Republic of Bashkortostan. The results obtained in our study indicate a protective effect of the locus in the development of T2D in the Republic of Bashkortostan population, which is consistent with the data obtained for Caucasians, but differs from the data typical for Asian populations.