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Abstract
Goal. To determine the effect of low concentrations of α-zearalanol in feed on the reproductive qualities of laying hens. Methods. The study was conducted at the NAAS State poultry research station on hens, eggs, and incubation waste. At the age of 35 weeks, 2 groups (control and experimental) were formed from hens of Birkivska barvysta breed. The first 14 days (age of the herd 35–36 weeks) birds received standard feed according to age needs. For the next 3 weeks, the birds of the experimental group received compound feed with an admixture of α-zearalanol in the amount of 50 mkg/kg (bird age 37–39 weeks), while hens and cocks of the control group received standard feed at that period. Poultry safety, egg weight, hatchability of eggs, distribution of waste by incubation periods were assessed. Results. The preservation of the bird during the experiment was 100%. The positive effect of the additive on the weight of eggs in the experimental group of birds was revealed. Evaluation of the results of incubation of eggs of the experimental group in comparison with the control indicates a beneficial effect of adding α-zearalanol to feed. Thus, if before the introduction of the additive the hatchability of eggs in the experimental group was 7.6%, 10.3, and 12.4% lower than the control, then after the introduction — exceeded the control by 0.1 and 4.0%. The increase in egg hatchability was due to the reduction of embryo death in the late stages of incubation, as well as the category of waste «frozen» and «dead». Conclusions. The stimulating effect of α-zearalanol at a concentration of 50 mkg/kg on the reproductive qualities of poultry was revealed. Before the introduction of α-zearalanol in the feed, the hatchability of eggs of the experimental group was 7.6%, 10.3, and 12.4% lower than the control, after the introduction — the hatchability of the experimental group exceeded the control by 0.1 and 4.0%. The reduction of embryo death in the late stages of incubation under the influence of α-zearalanol deserves an in-depth study and has significant theoretical and practical significance.
Highlights
More than 200 species of fungi producing mycotoxins are known
Representatives of the genera Fusarium and Claviceps are characteristic of field conditions, and Aspergillus and Penicillum are characteristic of storage [1, 2]
The study was conducted in the experimental farm "Preservation of the state gene pool of poultry", Department of Breeding, Technology and Innovation Management, Laboratory of Feed Quality Assurance at State Poultry Research Station of NAAS on chickens, eggs and incubation waste
Summary
More than 200 species of fungi producing mycotoxins are known. These fungi belong mainly to the genera Aspergillus, Penicillum, Fusarium, Claviceps and Alternaria, which are able to produce several hundred types of mycotoxins. The overall prevalence of grain contamination with these mycotoxins is quite significant: modern analytical tools have detected their presence in more than half of the studied samples, in most cases the content of mycotoxins did not exceed the maximum permissible level [16,17,18]. Fungi of the genus Fusarium are producers of trichothecenes A and B (T-2 and HT-2 toxins, diacetoxyscirpenol, vomitoxin), fumonisins, zearalenone are common contaminants of cereals in temperate regions, while Aspergillus and Penicillum producing aflatoxins, ochratoxins, citrinin, that are more characteristic of tropical and subtropical regions. The biological activity of zearalenone and related metabolites against mammals and poultry is based on their competitive binding to tarragon cytoplasmic receptors and induction of protein synthesis [29]
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