Abstract

شکل تأميم النفط فى العراق الهدف المرکزى بين أهداف وقضايا الشعب الوطنية فيما بعد ثورة يوليو 1958م، وتاريخ إنتاج النفط في العراق يبين لنا عددا من المشکلات التى وضعت جذورها الشرکات الأجنبية منذ الأدوار الأولى لسياستها الاحتکارية في العراق، إذ حصلت هذه الشرکات على حزمة من الامتيازات قبل أن يستکمل العراق استقلاله . وقد أدرک النظام الحاکم فى العراق بعد عام 1970م، ما للواقع الاقتصادى من تأثير مباشر على استقرار النظام السياسى فى البلاد، ولذلک سعى بکل الوسائل إلى محاولة ربط الاقتصاد العام للبلاد بالخطوات السياسية التى کانت يتخذها، وبما أن النفط کان المورد الرئيس لتمويل البلاد فإن النظام أولاه أهمية کبرى، وعمل على ربطه ليس فقط باقتصاد الدولة بوصفه موردا رئيسيا للتمويل، بل بالسياسة کذلک، وبعد أن فشل العراق في الوصول إلى نتائج مرضية مع الشرکات المنتجة للنفط، قرر المضى قدما بتأميم القطاع النفطى . The nationalization of oil in Iraq constituted the central goal among the national goals and issues of the people after the July 1958 revolution, The history of oil production in Iraq shows us a number of problems that were rooted by foreign companies since the first roles of their monopolistic policy in Iraq, As these companies obtained a package of concessions before Iraq completed its independence . The ruling regime in Iraq after 1970 realized the direct impact of the economic reality on the stability of the political system in the country, Therefore, he sought by all means to try to link the country's general economy with the political steps it was taking, Since oil was the main source of financing for the country, the system attached great importance to it, And he worked to link it not only to the state's economy as a major source of finance, but also to politics, After Iraq failed to reach satisfactory results with the oil producing companies, it decided to move forward with the nationalization of the oil sector.

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