Зоны поражения селевыми потоками 1967 года в долине реки Баксан (Центральный Кавказ

Abstract

The purpose of the work is to conduct research to determine the maximum areas affected by mud flows in the Baksan River valley (Central Caucasus). The relevance of the work lies in the fact that the objects in the Baksan River valley have repeatedly been subjected to the destructive effects of mud flows, which in different years had different parameters of the affected areas. The object of the study is the 1967 mud flows caused by an abnormal amount of precipitation. The work uses satellite images of the Corona project before and after the mud flows and Sentinel-2 satellite images reflecting the current situation. Satellite images were georeferenced in ArcMap using control points. The boundaries of the mud flow sediment zones were drawn along the characteristic light phototone during the interactive comparison of satellite images. Special attention is paid to the section of the Verkhny Baksan village, in which several houses were destroyed by mud flows that descended along the left and right tributaries of the Kyrtyk River (the Dzhugurtau and Syltransu rivers). Mudflow masses were deposited on an area of 0.22 km2 on the outflow cone of the Kyrtyk River and in the floodplain of the Baksan River, partially destroying the road on its right bank. The area of the debris deposit zone on the outflow cone of the Sagaevsky River and in the floodplain of the Baksan River was 0.18 km2. At the same time, the channel of the Baksan River was pushed to the right slope of the valley at a distance of up to 100 m. Subsequent mudflows along the Sagaevsky River did not reach the scale of 1967. It is concluded that the identified boundaries of the zones affected by mudflows of 1967 can be considered maximum and they must be taken into account when designing objects and protective structures.