Abstract
The incidence of obesity in children, especially in younger schoolchildren aged from 7 to 10 years, is progressively increasing in all countries. This has led to interest in the search for potential biomarkers that can identify individuals at risk of developing metabolic disorders and for whom preventive measures can be adapted. Fibroblast growth factors 19 (FGF-19), 21 (FGF-21) and Klotho protein are regulators of energy homeostasis. However, in the pediatric population, the relationship between obesity, metabolic disorders and the aforementioned factors has not been studied in depth. The literature review presents the main mechanisms of action of FGF-19, FGF-21 and the Klotho protein, expanding our understanding of their role in the development of insulin resistance and obesity, and discusses the scientific basis for further research in pediatrics.
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