Закономірності зміни концентрацій ІЛ-17А, ІЛ-10 та ІЛ-2 у крові людей із гніздовою алопецією до та після лікування збагаченою тромбоцитами плазмою

Abstract

Alopecia areata is a heterogeneous disease characterized by nonscarring hair loss. It affects 1-2% of the population of both genders and occurs in all age groups. According to the recent studies, helper T cells 1, helper T cells 2, helper T cells 17, and regulatory T cells may be the main possible initiators of alopecia areata. The purpose of the study was to determine the concentrations of serum interleukin-17A, interleukin-10 and interleukin-2 in patients with alopecia areata, and to study the relationship between their levels before and after treatment with platelet-rich plasma. Materials and methods. The study involved 37 patients with alopecia areata aged (35.7±8.9) years and 30 people of the control group aged (37.4±7.9) years. People with alopecia areata were injected with platelet-rich plasma. For this, immediately before administration, venous blood was taken from the patients from the cubital vein into a special tube for the preparation of platelet-rich plasma. Platelet-rich plasma was injected into the lesions at the rate of 0.2 ml/cm2 using an insulin syringe and a 30 G needle, once every 2 weeks for 16 weeks. The patients were examined before the treatment and in 3, 6 and 17 months. The concentrations of interleukin-17A, interleukin-2 and interleukin-10 were determined in blood serum before treatment and after 3, 6 and 17 months of observation by the Sandwich-ELISA method (enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay). Interleukin-17A, interleukin-2 and interleukin-10 in the blood serum in the control group were also determined. The software program SPSS 22.0 was used for the statistical analysis. The normality distribution was tested by Shapiro-Wilk’s method. Independent Student’s t-test for unpaired samples was used to compare mean values between groups. The p-value < 0.05 was considered significant. Results and discussion. The results obtained in our study showed that the concentrations of the pro-inflammatory cytokines interleukin-17A and interleukin-2 were significantly higher in persons with alopecia areata before treatment. After 17 months of therapy with platelet-rich plasma, serum interleukin-17A and interleukin-2 levels approached the control level. Conclusion. There was no difference in the concentration of anti-inflammatory interleukin-10 between patients with alopecia areata and healthy people. In the course of treatment, the concentration of interleukin-10 increased after 3 and 17 months of therapy