ТЕХНОЛОГИИ ПРОИЗВОДСТВА ГАЛОБУТИЛКАУЧУКОВ. ЧАСТЬ 1. ТЕХНОЛОГИЯ ГАЛОГЕНИРОВАНИЯ БУТИЛКАУЧУКА, РЕАЛИЗОВАННАЯ В ПРОМЫШЛЕННОСТИ

Abstract

The review presents the scientific-technical results of the development and improvement of the halobutyl rubbers production technology implemented on a commercial scale. The author considered the variants of the production scheme and the manufacturing methods for increasing the efficiency of its certain stages. Special attention is paid to the equipment design of the stages of butyl rubber dissolution, the interaction of the resulting solution with the halogenating agent and the aqueous treatment of the reaction mixture. The paper shows the possibilities of increasing the efficiency of the process due to the application of the continuous process of butyl rubber dissolution in the hydrocarbon solvent, the creation of a turbulent mode during the rubber solution flow, and the separation of the evolved halogen hydrides from the resulting halogenated elastomer. The author discusses the results of the application of various agents for neutralizing the excess halogen and halogen hydride, the necessity to keep the medium acid value within the certain limits at this stage. The results of improving the stages of halobutyl rubbers stabilization, separation and drying are briefly described. The author mentioned the disadvantages peculiar for the traditional butyl rubber halogenation technology, including the use of a special butyl rubber brand with the high values of Mooney viscosity and unsaturation in the production of chlorobutyl rubber, the necessity of bromine recuperation from water streams of the stages of excess halogen neutralization and the washing of bromobutyl rubber solution.The paper considers the possibilities to improve current technology of large-scale production of halobutyl rubbers, to increase the economic efficiency and to mitigate the environmental risks when implementing it on a commercial scale. The list of references includes patents of the world’s leading companies – halobutyl rubbers manufacturers and the publications on the results of the research carried out by the well-known specialists in this field.