Фінансування критичної інфраструктури в Україні

Abstract

The analysis of financial provision of critical infrastructure in Ukraine has been carried out. It is determined that the infrastructure facilities are owned both by a state and by private enterprises or have a mixed form of management. And their financing must take into account the imperatives of economic, social and political development of our country, as well as the challenges and risks associated with hostilities and martial law. It is substantiated that the financial provision of infrastructure in Ukraine is carried out using different sources and using a whole set of mechanisms and tools. The sources include assets of enterprises, budget funds, resources raised from financial markets, funds of foreign investors and other investments. The methods of financial support of infrastructure projects in Ukraine are revealed, which include placement of corporate rights by enterprises, use of state and local budgets, resources obtained on the basis of borrowings, as well as pooling of funds of public and private sectors. Mechanisms and tools for providing such financing methods are identified. The dynamics of capital investments in our country have been analyzed. It has been concluded that the majority of them fall on public and private enterprises. It is noted that in addition to direct participation in financing the infrastructure, the state supports such projects through public procurement, subsidies, tax breaks, and the use of state benefits. guarantees. The issues of using the mechanisms of co-financing of infrastructure used on the basis of public-private partnership agreements are revealed. Measures to implement such activities include the conclusion of concession agreements, property management agreements, as well as the acceptance of investment commitments by private partners. Measures of state support of PPP are applied. At the same time, it has been noted that their potential for financial support of infrastructure projects is not sufficiently used in Ukraine.