Детская игра как территория свободы

Abstract

Background. Xe issue of children’s role-playing game belongs to the category of eternal in developmental psychology, since it strongly inYuences not only the theory of child development, but also the practice of preschool education, aZects the interests of the family, and, most importantly, to a large extent determines the direction and quality of the child’s development in preschool age. However, we have seen numerous shi[s in interest to this topic as societal priorities in child development have changed over the past century. In the 21st century, the discussion around the possibilities and conditions for the emergence of pretend play is of great interest on the part of both parents and the professional community. Play represents a speci\c resource for the development of a child in a world of uncertainty and an unpredictable future. Objectives. Xe study aims to analyze the current socio-cultural situation in Russian preschool education from th point of view of the role-playing game development in children, to identify the main reasons for the lack of play in kindergartens, and also to present possible parental and pedagogical educational strategies related to the place and possibilities of play in the development of preschool children. Sample. Xe study involved parents of children attending kindergartens from three regions of the Russian Federation. Xe sample was structured according to the factor of socio-economic situation in the region, as well as the factors “center-periphery”, “city-village”, “type of preschool institution”. Xe number of respondents varied from 1000 to 1200 each year. Method. A number of methods were used in the study. Xese included literature analysis on the research topic, expert evaluation, written survey (questionnaire, with the method of ranking the alternatives by respondents), statistical data analysis (with the method of variance analysis). Results. Based on the analysis of the obtained data, the following results were obtained. Xe rating of parental educational preferences shows that the conYict between learning activities and children’s play, which is discussed in the literature and is actually present in kindergartens, is not based on the real preferences of parents. Xe study revealed the phenomenon of imitation play, which is o[en presented as a real children’s game. An analysis of trends associated with the denial of the role of play in the development of modern children is presented. Conclusion. Ways to overcome the conYict between learning and play are discussed. Xe discrepancies between the real preferences of the family in the \eld of preschool education and their interpretation by preschool teachers are shown. Xe actual preferences of parents provide a picture that can be used to establish productive communication between preschool teachers and parents of children attending kindergarten. Practical application of the results. All the results obtained in the study can be applied in the practice of preschool education, at the level of preschool organizations. Xe areas of application of the results obtained include organization of a real, non-imitation, game of preschool children, building up productive communication with the parents of children attending a preschool organization.