Демографические проблемы Европы и мира

Abstract

The demographic explosion in developing countries is the key problem of the future. During the post-war period, the world’s population has tripled and continues to grow. Anthropogenic pressure on the environment has become so significant that the main issue is the survival of mankind itself (Human Development Report 2020). The problem is of special importance for Europe, many countries of which have entered a phase of depopulation and are subject to forced migration from Asian and African countries. The problem of exceeding the permissible limits of the anthropogenic load has grown from a purely theoretical to a practical one in terms of combating poverty, preserving the environment, stopping climate change and protecting population from repeated waves of the global pandemic. In Europe the demographic explosion resulted in mass unauthorized migration, the illegal annexation of the living space by migrants from overpopulated countries of Africa and Asia. Under these conditions, the need to limit further population growth became undoubted. The only question that remains debatable is how to achieve these results. This article focuses on the methods of integrated birth regulation by reducing gender inequality, increasing the human development index of lagging countries and effective international assistance to these countries. At the international level it is proposed to develop and implement and Agreement on population growth control and regulation, similar to the Paris Climate Agreement and develop the ideas of habitat conservation.