성인 상담라포척도 개발 및 타당화

Abstract

Objectives The purpose of this study is to develop a reliable and valid counseling rapport scale for clients.
 Methods This study developed a total of 95 items in an open-ended survey based on a literature review to gain preliminary items for a counseling rapport scale. The items were tested for content validity by experts and face validity by clients who finished the first sessions, which reduced the items to 50 preliminary ones. An exploratory factor analysis was conducted with 250 clients that finished the first session followed by a confirmatory factor analysis with 250 clients to test the developed scale for validation. The scale was also tested for criterion and convergent validity.
 Results First, the exploratory factor analysis results identified four factors that comprised of 21 items, including positive first impressions, favorable feelings, experiences of ease and comfort, and the counselor's honest attitude. Secondly, according to the confirmatory factor analysis results, the fitness index of the scale was good; in addition, it confirmed that the four factors from the exploratory factor analysis results were valid. Thirdly, the scale was good internal consistency, criterion validity, and convergent validity. Finally, it also had good re-test reliability.
 Conclusions Using an objective procedure this study provided a reliable and valid scale to measure counseling rapport. The scale developed in the study is significant in that it laid a foundation to diagnose and improve the level of rapport between the counselor and his or her clients at the counseling scene. In short, the study offers discussions about ways to form and promote healthy rapport in the process of developing and validating a counseling rapport scale, hopefully contributing to the better competence and higher quality of counselors.