Abstract
Prescriptions for the positron emission tomography-computed tomography (PET-CT) in adult cancer patients are based on the results of multicenter studies, systematic reviews, and meta-analyses. Thus, published international guidelines help nuclear medicine specialists, oncologists and radiologists in determining the most appropriate diagnostic algorithms for each patient with the purpose of selecting the most appropriate treatment as well as allowing the introduction of the new prognostic factors. Compared with adult patients, the use of PET-CT in pediatric oncology is somewhat limited due to the lack of systematic, large multicenter studies and, therefore, precise and clear guidelines. The reasons for the lack of the large studies may be the relatively low incidence of malignant neoplasms in pediatric practice and the fear for the delayed effects of exposure of ionizing radiation on the growing child's body. The purpose of this bibliographical review was to provide a summary of the use and the role of PET-CT in children with the most frequent malignancies.
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