Изучение этноязыковой ситуации в Аджарии

Abstract

Adjara, located in southwestern Georgia of Transcaucasia, was the only autonomous organization of the Soviet Union founded in accordance with religion, not ethnicity. Initially, the Soviet government considered Adjarians as an ethnic group separate from Georgians, based on differences in religion, but in accordance with the atheistic policy of non-recognition of religion, the 1939 census began to refer to Adjarians simply as “Georgian Muslims” or “Muslim Georgians”. However, despite this term, the name “Adjarians” is still widely used today. Georgia, along with Ukraine and the 3 Baltic states, is the most desoviet and the most hostile towards Russia of the 14 young independent states in the post-Soviet space, waged wars with Russia over Abkhazia and South Ossetia after the collapse of the Soviet Union. Currently, the Abkhazians and Ossetians form the de facto independent Republic of Abkhazia and the Republic of South Ossetia and enjoy the support of Russia, and further consider the possibility of further accession to the Russian Federation. On the contrary, Adjara, the territory of Adjarians, seemed to have received the status of an independent state in 1991-2004, when Aslan Abashidze became the head of state, formed an independent autonomous organization and established autocratic rule, but after the so-called ‘Rose Revolution’ President Mikheil Saakashvili came to power in Georgia, and on May 6, 2004, Abashidze fled to Russia, was absorbed into Georgia without an armed conflict.
 In this study, the researcher described the unique historical process and identity of Adjara and Adjara, and also considered the features of Adjara, which entered Georgia without conflict, unlike Abkhazia and South Ossetia, which became practically independent in the process of bloody confrontation that arose around the process of building a Georgian unified national state in Georgia after the collapse of the Soviet Union.
 At that time, the indigenous population of Adjara, the Ajrans and their native language, respectively, the Georgian people, and the Georgian language, and this perception is widespread. In addition, although Adjara had the status of an autonomous republic in Georgia, Turkey is developing a policy of Turkization and Islamization because it wanted to regain its own territory, and that the more Russia continued to lose influence in Transcaucasia and the worse relations between Russia and Georgia became, the more Turkey would replace Russia. As a result, the situation of Adjarian-Russian bilingualism, which appeared after the annexation of Adjara to Russia in 1878, disappeared, and Georgian-Turkish bilingualism can be predicted.