고려시대 리더십의 요소에 대한 연구

Abstract

As a result of analysis on the elements of leadership in the Goryeo Dynasty, it was found that several elements acted in a complex way to form the leadership. The conclusions of this study are as follows： In general, the status or position have been reckoned to bring the leadership through its authority. However, the authority and power from the status or position did not function properly in a critical situations. The force that operates differently depending on time, place, and situation cannot be called as leadership. The competence was a key element of the leadership. Military ability played a major role in attracting the respect and obedience from the soldiers under the military leader. The academic and administrative abilities were also the objects of respect. The official with this ability was more likely to acquire the leadership. However, the ability alone was not sufficient in implementing the leadership. The ability had to be the one to meet the needs of the group. In order to bring out the leadership, the ability had to be used effectively and appropriately for public purposes rather than private interests according to the principles. The courage was sometimes required for the use of the abilities in accordance with principles. Therefore, only those with courage could exercise the leadership. Principles brought the leadership only when applied for the group or a common purpose of the group members. Even if the leader adhered to the principles, the leadership used to collapse if it conflicted with the goals or expectations of group members. The leader had to equip the virtue of tolerance toward the group members while respecting the principles. The virtue of generosity was not to ignore the hope or expectations of the members and subordinates for life. This can be called the leadership by virtue. Unlike other leadership elements, the leadership by virtue was formed in the mutual relationship between the leader and members. Therefore, the leadership by virtue could bringt about the voluntary obedience of members, thereby strengthening the authority and leadership of the leader and promoting the group cohesion. It also played the most important and effective role in achieving the group’s goals, ensuring the survival and development of group members.