МОРФОЛОГИЯ ЛЕГКИХ У ПЛОДОВ МАРАЛО

Abstract

Maral breeding is a promising branch of animal hus-bandry in the Altai Region and the Republic of Altai. Being semi-wild animals, marals travel long distances, mainly in mountainous areas in larch and pine forests and on high-altitude plateaus of the Republic of Altai. The following deer species range in the Altai Region and the Republic of Altai: Siberian musk deer(Moschus moschiferus), elk(Alces alces), sika deer(Cervus nippon), reindeer(Rangifer tarandus), and maral (Cervus elaphus sibiricus, Severtzov 1872). According to V.G. Lunitsyn, the regions of the Re-public of Altai account for 98% of all velvet antler products produced in Russia which are exported to the countries of the Asian-Pacific Region. The specimens were taken from maral fetuses of the age from 1 to 3 months obtained at forced slaughter. The fetuses were weighed, the lungs were extracted and weighed, and the specimens were for-malin-fixed (10-12% solution), washed in tap water;and slices were prepared by a freezing microtome. The slices were hematoxylin-eosin stained according to Van Gieson. The tissue specimens show that all orders of bronchioles in the lungs of maral fetuses, especially in the caudal lobes, are clearly expressed. In the bronchi of the lungs of fetuses at the age of 3 months, the muscle layer of smooth muscle cells is expressed. At this age, the spaces similar to alveo-lar passages are visible.The diameter of the alveoli in the form of tubes at this age is about 2-5 μm. In the micro-slides under study, vessels in the lungs of fetuses at the age of 1-3 months are characterized by rapid growth. Con-nective tissue elements surrounding the bronchial tubes with capillaries are formed.