심방의 어원과 그 신화적 맥락

Abstract

Simbang in Jeju, which refers to a shaman, is a term that is not used in other regions. This word is related to the shaman, which is shared by various ethnic groups of Tungus, including Hosemi, a noun that calls the shaman in Hamgyeong Province.
 The root of the shaman is sam. Based on this root, Hosemi is analyzed as “ho+sam/sem+I.” Ho is ho(胡), and i is a dependent noun that means person. If so, Hosami or Hosemi means shaman who came from the northern Tungusic region. If Hosemi had the meaning of a shaman flowing from Tungus culture, the meaning of Semi is originally a shaman in Hamgyeong Province. This is a word from the same line as Samma of the Goguryeo monk, Adusamma.
 If so, it is reasonable to understand the Sim of the Simbang as a sound of this series. Sambang is a form of adding the suffix bang(房) to sam, which is the root of shaman. If Bang is attached to Semi/Samma/Sami, which is used in Hamgyeong Province and Silla, it can be Semibang/Sammabang/Samibang, and if it is abbreviated to two syllables, it can be Sembang or Sambang. The currently used Simbang is a word in which Sembang or Sambang has settled on Jeju Island, and it is a way of expression that substitutes the shaman with the shaman’s house.
 The fact that Samadongi in Hwangchenhonsi and Samani in Samanibonpuri share the root sama suggests a relationship between sama and sam. This is because not only sama and sam have similar sounds but their roles and actions in mythology are the same as Hosemi and Simbang. These figures reflect the stories of Hosumi and Simbang becoming Shamans. Samadongi and Samani in shamanistic myth prove the relationship between Hosemi and Simbang.