«Парадипломатия» и международная экологическая политика

Abstract

This paper examines the phenomenon of “paradi-plomacy” and its implementation in international environmental policy. The genesis of the studied concept is traced in the process of the academic discussion of three approaches: Soldatos/Duchacek, Der Derian, Hoking. The practical implementation of this phenomenon in the framework of the work of paradiplomatic organizations in the field of envi-ronmental policy is considered. A comparative anal-ysis of the history of development and practical ac-tivities of two international organizations: Regions4 and Northern Forum is carried out. In general, given the objective differences and unique features, one can note common challenges for such structures in the form of a lack of political opportunities and lack of financial independence. Overcoming these limita-tions seems realistic only through their evolutionary integration into the global complex system of envi-ronmental policy: cooperation of paradiplomatic organizations with the system of international insti-tutions (UN and its structures, EU, EAEU, etc.); greater subordination within the global hierarchical structure; strengthening bottom-up mechanisms so that regional representatives have the opportunity to speak out and be heard on issues of importance to them.