『茶賦』에 나타난 寒齋李穆의 樂道思想硏究

Abstract

Hanjae s thoughts on the Dao of tea essentially embraces the theme of mind (心), emphasizing the unity between tea and mind(茶心一如) and spontaneous joy in mysterious subtleness(神妙自樂) in his spirit of enjoying the Dao. His emphasis on the mind in tea, combining Confucian traits of emphasizing morality in benignity and righteousness(道德仁義) and Daoist traits of emphasizing mysterious and empty Dao, transcends the simple boundary of mentality. In addition, his thoughts on the mind in tea includes spiritual transcendence of leisurely enjoying the Dao even within Confucian strictness, in the same spirit as that of Confucius who enjoyed his spiritual freedom in emphasizing poetry, propriety, and music while thoroughly penetrating into literary learning.
 This study purports to articulate Hanjae s thoughts on enjoying the Dao as the essential trait of his thoughts on the Dao of tea, after investigating Confucian spirit of enjoying the Dao through the state of pleasure in reference to Confucius, Mencius, and six major Confucian scholars during Song dynasty. Hanjae s thoughts, on the basis of the Daoxue(道學), combine its essence and application in theory and practice, which results in his writing of Chabu(茶賦).
 In Hanjae s writings, the sagely way of embracing poverty in enjoying the Dao, through finding joy even under extreme poverty, is substituted by pure pleasure in drinking tea. Zhu Xi, who proposed quiet sitting(靜坐) as a method of self-cultivation for becoming reverent and investigating principles (居敬窮理), also enjoyed and loved tea. The chapter of Zalei(雜類) in his Zhuziyulei(朱子語類), discussing the virtue of tea as the golden mean(中庸), the supreme Confucian virtue, comparing it to the hidden leisure of Boyi and Shuqi (伯夷叔齊), as in Jiancha(建茶) is like the virtue of golden mean, as Jiangcha(江茶) is like Boyi and Shuqi. In the Chabu s saying Suddenly smiling and spontaneously tasting, both pupils of my eyes blink mysteriously (俄自笑而自酌 亂雙眸之明滅), drinking a cup of tea is expressed to be conducive to the pleasure of effortlessness. In the mysterious state (妙境) in the mysterious state induced by the movement of vital energy inspired by spirit, leading to no intention and spontaneous pleasure and the thoughts on mind in tea in Since this is also due to the difference in my mind, why should I seek the Dao only in that?(是亦吾心之茶. 又何必求乎彼也.), the ultimate state of the spirit of enjoying the Dao is revealed exquisitely. Above all, this study puts emphasis on the reciprocal relation between Hanjae s spirit of enjoying the Dao appearing in his Chabu and his devotion as a scholar of the Dao so as to risk his own life for the sake of propriety and righteousness.