ТЕОРІЯ ПОВІДОМЛЕНЬ ТА ЇХ ТИПОЛОГІЯ

Abstract

The general scientific, interdisciplinary problem of building the concept of message theory is solved. Accordingly, the object of research is all possible types of messages that function in the real world both within any cybernetic systems and between them. The subject of research is axioms, laws, structure, attributes, characteristics, typology, as well as operations on messages. The purpose of the article is to develop the concept of the theory of messages as a component of such universal sciences as the theory of mass communication, information science and cybernetics. Analysis, synthesis, idealization, logical method, and generalization were used among research methods. In addition to methods, the research also used techniques such as systematization and typology (typologization). The article is written in the style of a review, theoretical genre. The literature review analyzed 22 sources, including the world's most famous encyclopedic editions and dictionaries in the fields of journalism, mass communication theory, and cybernetics. In the obtained results, it is determined that a message is a fragment (a part that has a beginning and an end) of data of a cybernetic system, which (a) is a tuple, (b) is located in time or space, and (c) is intended to transmit information from the sender (source ) to its recipient (recipient). Features of creation, meaning and meaning of messages are determined. The structure of messages and types of their context are considered. It is noted that any kind of messages can be represented in an idealized digital form as a chain of 0 and 1. Six axioms are considered as the basis of the concept of message theory. Within this concept, six laws are distinguished. Five attributes of messages, as well as seven of their main characteristics, are considered. Among the types of messages, informative (9 types) and non-informative (also 9 types) are highlighted. In addition, formal (non-meaningful, 13 items) and informal (meaningful, 9 items) operations performed on messages are indicated.