Идеальный фолат: миф или реальность?

Abstract

Objective of the Review: To assess the benefits and risks of using various doses and forms of folic acid as part of pre-conception care and during pregnancy. Key Points: Folic acid (vitamin B9) is known to be an essential microelement, required for DNA replication and several enzyme reactions in amino acid synthesis and metabolism of vitamins. During pregnancy folate requirements rise. According to Order No. 572n of the Russian Federation Ministry of Health, dated November 1, 2012, women should receive folic acid starting in the pre-conception period at doses not exceeding 400 μg/day. A pregnant woman’s folate status is critical for the prevention of folate-associated birth defects and for the baby’s postnatal development. There is still some controversy about the advantages of different forms of folates, the safety of low and high folate doses, the duration of treatment, and the benefits of folates compared with multivitamins. Conclusion: Currently, there is no doubt that women should receive vitamin-mineral products containing folic acid as part of their preconception care and during pregnancy. There is a need, however, for a formal federal protocol for pre-conception care that will guide the use of vitamin-mineral products containing various forms of folates and describe a personalized approach to micronutrient support for various categories of women, including its composition, doses, and duration. Keywords: folates, folic acid, 5-methyltetrahydrofolate, pregnant women, newborns, disorders of pregnancy, Femibion Natalcare.