국정 역사교과서의 박정희 신화 만들기

Abstract

Moon Jae-In government changed the publishing systems of the national history textbooks from a combined system of state authorization and verification to a sole verification system. The new government also destroyed the state national history textbooks already distributed to schools. It ended ex-president Park Geun-Hye’s attempt to introduce the state monopolization of publication of national history textbooks. However, the historical perspectives and historical images contained in the state national history textbooks have not been totally perished yet. The debates about how to teach the achievements and limits in the Era of Park Chung Hee just began.BR This paper aimed to reveal the deceptive narrative tactics adopted in the state national history textbooks to mythologize Park Chung Hee. Using the “White Papers of the Committee on Truth Investigation of the State National History Textbooks,” published in May 2018, the “Report of 2017 on the Compilation Principles of the State National History Textbooks and Analysis of Its Descriptions,” the official documents, and the drafts of the history textbooks(the original drafts, the examined drafts, the galley proof for school teachers, and the final version) I examined as a member of the committee, I found and explained the relations between the state nationalization policy of the national history textbooks and mythologization of Park Chung Hee in the first chapter. In the second chapter, I examined the various narrative tactics and manipulations of the history used in the discarded national history textbooks. What I noticed first is the tactical misleading arrangement of the chapters and sub-chapters and deceptive naming of the titles of the chapters and sub-chapters. The second disinforming tactic used in the discarded textbooks is ‘a crude theory of the merits and demerits in which the merits hide demerits’ and a binomial confrontational narrative frame of ‘the industrializing force vs. the democratizing force.’ Lastly, I found and presented the examples of distortion of the historical facts and manipulation of the facts in the state national history textbooks.