Бактериофаги в терапии бактериальных риносинуситов

Abstract

Inflammatory diseases of the paranasal sinuses are among the most common human diseases, and this problem is becoming more and more urgent every year. Patients with rhinosinusitis undergo complex therapy, including the use of systemic antibacterial drugs, to which resistance develops in pathogenic and opportunistic bacteria over time. At the same time, the choice and prescription of antibacterial drugs, as a rule, are empirical in nature and are based on information about typical pathogens and their presumed sensitivity to antibiotics. In addition, antibacterial drugs have a detrimental effect on the microbiome of the mucous membrane of the paranasal sinuses and intestines. The association of pathogenic bacteria in biofilms increases their resistance to antibacterial drugs and contributes to the chronicity of the inflammatory process. The results of a number of studies show that bacteriophages not only lyse antibiotic-resistant pathogenic bacteria but also destroy biofilms in inflammation foci in the paranasal sinuses. Bacteriophages compare favorably with antibacterial drugs in that they do not have an ototoxic effect, do not cause allergic reactions, and do not inhibit the normal intestinal microflora. Bacteriophage preparations are indicated for a wider range of patients.