Инновационные решения в теории трансформатора

Abstract

Objective: Clarification of the reasons for errors in the traditional transformer theory and ways of correcting it based on more accurate physical and mathematical equations for describing the pro- cesses of energy transfer in a transformer using the Poynting vector. Demonstrating a new principle of operation and the resulting new properties of the transformer. Methods: The study applies transi- tion from analytical modeling of the device behavior to its equivalent circuit displaying the magnetic fluxes of the transformer. The specific feature of this approach is that at first it is applied to an ideali- zed transformer with infinite magnetic permeability of steel, after which the circuit is built up with elements that take into account saturation and losses in the steel of a real device. Results: The con- tradictions and paradoxes of the standard theory have been revealed. The findings have shown the need to replace it with a doctrine based on equations for real, measurable magnetic fluxes instead of virtual (contrived) fluxes of the official theory. The correctness and significance of the proposed theo- ry is confirmed by the discovery of new properties of transformers and the capability of using it to explain the magnetic overexcitation of individual sections of the transformer in emergency modes. Practical importance: Conditions are provided, and ways are outlined for creating correct textbooks instead of standard ones with outdated ideas about physical processes in transformers. A deeper insight into the operation of transformers resulting from the new theory should contribute to the improvement of methods for increasing their electrodynamic withstand