Abstract
The purpose of this study has been to study the concept and content of Larsen-Freeman’s grammar and grammaring as a skill in the complex systems approach claimed in Larsen-Freeman & Cameron(2008) in line with complexity theories developed in physics, mathematics, chemistry and computer science since Prigogine’s 1970’s research(Prigogine & Strengers, 1984). First, we examined background hypotheses and discussed the unpredictable behavior of complex systems, which is fundamentally different from UG theories, including their sensitive dependence on initial conditions, non-linearity, self-organizing adaptation. Secondly, we studied the concept and content of Larsen-Freeman’s grammar (2001, 2003, 2009) focusing on L2 learning and learners. Finally, we reviewed and selected some successful instruction methods for L2 learners to grow into competent speakers of English through grammaring.
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