Поэтапная комбинированная разработка золоторудных месторождений

Abstract

Introduction. It is noted that in the Russian gold mining industry, the profitability of gold production is associated with the development of technologies for leaching it from substandard ores and enrichment waste. It is shown that the priority aspect of the development of substandard raw materials is to increase the yield of more gold with acceptable additional investments, predicted based on the analysis of the production function in the models of economic growth of enterprises. The purpose of the study is to substantiate the possibility of increasing the completeness of subsurface use during the phased development of reserves with a combination of chemical and mechanical extraction processes. Methods of achieving the goal include the use of literary and patent sources, production experience, laboratory and field experiments, modeling and technical and economic calculations. Results. The relevance of the development of a new raw material base is shown by the example of the reserves of the Sadonsky poly-metallic deposit. The information on the operations of hydrometallurgical and heap leaching of gold with bringing to the final product is detailed. An algorithm is proposed for the selection of options for the development of gold bulls. A model is presented to calculate the efficiency of phased field development over time. An optimized scheme of heap leaching of gold and indicators of gold extraction are presented. The scheme of electrochemical leaching of gold from sulfur-containing ores is recommended. The factors of the impact of mining on the environment at three stages of development are systematized. A model is presented for determining the efficiency of utilization of enrichment tailings and profits from the extraction of gold from enrichment tailings and metallurgy, taking into account environmental damage. The results of calculating the efficiency of gold extraction at the factory and leaching in blocks and cubes are presented. It is shown that the end-to-end metal recovery coefficient by leaching is comparable to the traditional technology of processing balance reserves. It is proved that when combining technologies at the stages of field development, a larger amount of metal is extracted from the subsurface. Conclusion: with a small increase in infrastructure modernization costs, combining traditional technology and leaching technologies, more metal is extracted from the subsurface.