Политический проективизм в партийном строительстве

Abstract

To this day, political design is the subject of academic and public discussions, the result of which is the realization of private, rational, rather than social, interests related to ideas and ideologies. To the greatest extent, this criticism affects the processes of party building. In the mass (and partly in expert) consciousness, parties are defined as institutions aimed at promoting social interests. Within the framework of such views, any emerging and developing project is considered as a de-ideologized formation, based on the rational goals and motives of its participants. Accordingly, the assessment of political projectivism in party building is an important and relevant research task and forms the purpose of this article. The methodological basis of the study was made up of systemic and neo-institutional approaches, the combination of which made it possible to consider political design as a sustainable practice, implemented in the system of political interaction and transforming the essence of modern party organizations. The study also took into account the projective approach of public administration, which defines projects as key components of political (and party) functioning. The main research methods were the general scientific principles of analysis and synthesis, induction and deduction, comparison, as well as the applied method of situational analysis (case-study), which made it possible to determine the significance of political projectivism in their formation and functioning using specific examples of Russian parties. The conclusions of the article are that in the processes of modern party building, political projectivism is a natural and integral process of insti-tutional interaction. It is associated with both objective processes of transformation of modern political and party systems, as well as political parties themselves, and with the subjective orientations of political figures to obtain and maintain positions of power, based on rational planning and use of their available resources. As Russian party history shows, the implementation of party projects can have negative and positive aspects associated with the implementation of activities by such parties, which are also of a pro-ject nature and focused on working with the electorate, including those involving the solution of certain social issues.