Abstract
In this study, a micro/nano-random-pattern-structure surface was machined by electric discharge machining (EDM) followed by replicating the EDM surface with a silicone elastomer having low energy and greater hydrophobicity. The variation of hydrophobicity was of prime interest and was examined as a function of the surface roughness of the replicated silicone elastomer. The hydrophobicity was evaluated by the water contact angle (WCA) measured on the relevant surface. For the experiments, the original surfaces were machined by die sinking electric discharge machining (DS-EDM) and wire cutting electric discharge machining (WC-EDM). The ranges of surface roughness were Ra <TEX>$0.8{\sim}19{\mu}m$</TEX> for the DS-EDM and Ra <TEX>$0.5{\sim}4.7{\mu}m$</TEX> for the WC-EDM. In order to fabricate a hydrophobic surface, the EDM surfaces were directly replicated using a liquid-state silicone elastomer, which was thermally cured. The measured WCA on the replicated surfaces for DS-EDM was in the range of <TEX>$115{\sim}130^{\circ}$</TEX> and for WC-EDM the WCA was in the range of <TEX>$123{\sim}150^{\circ}$</TEX>. Additionally, the dynamic hydrophobicity was evaluated by measuring an advancing and a receding WCA on the replicated silicone elastomer surfaces.
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