ЕЛЕКТРОННЕ ГОЛОСУВАННЯ: МОЖЛИВОСТІ УКРАЇНСЬКОЇ РЕЦЕПЦІЇ

Abstract

The article considers the advantages and disadvantages of implementing and applying the electronic voting system in different countries of the world and the prospects for the introduction of electronic voting in Ukraine. It is noted that e-democracy is a direct tool of democratization and development of the society in the information direction. One of the mechanisms of e-democracy is e-voting. Electronic voting is considered as a procedure for the implementation of the expression of will with the use of electronic means and as an automated process of counting votes, which simplifies the voting procedure and contributes to raising the level of electoral activity. It has been determined that e-voting, although it is one of the most complex forms of e-democracy, can still increase the interest of citizens, namely, the young people in the political life of the country, reduce the cost of the election process, enable citizens with disabilities to carry out a process of expression of will, improve the reliability of the procedure for counting election results. The author also examines the forms of e-voting that are used in world practice, namely: voting through the Internet, voting in the booth using "electronic ballot boxes" and e-voting with the help of a mobile phone. The experience of using e-voting system in different countries of the world, such as USA, Brazil, Estonia, Austria, Finland, Switzerland, France, Great Britain, the Netherlands, Germany, Norway, etc., is analyzed. Identified problems faced by countries in elections when using the e-voting system. The author also considers the measures that Ukraine is developing to implement the e-voting system. In particular, it was noted that the first attempts to establish on the legislative level the introduction of electronic voting in Ukraine were recorded as early as 2011. At present, the use of electronic voting in Ukraine is only in the stage of active discussion. Based on the experience of other countries, it has been determined that electronic voting should be used in parallel with the traditional expression of will.