ВЛИЯНИЕ ФЕРТИГАЦИИ НА ЗАСОЛЕНИЕ ПОЧВЫ

Abstract

The salt state has a noticeable effect on the physical and water properties of the soil. That is why the distribution of its water-physical properties along the profile and in space in territories with different soil-climatic, hydrological and hydrochemical conditions should be individual. This is due, on the one hand, to the fact that water is directly involved in the processes of transfer and distribution of salts. On the other hand, the main parameters of the processes of moisture and salt transfer directly depend on the physical properties of the soil, which change under the influence of soluble salts. We have assessed the effect of fertigation on the physicochemical properties of the soil. Four fertigations with different salinity levels were tested. The influence of precipitation on soil desalinization through salt leaching was controlled by comparing changes in soil electrical conductivity during and after the growing season. To measure the studied characteristics, sensors of the 5TE type were used, which independently determine three indicators - the volumetric water content (VWC) by measuring the dielectric constant of the medium based on capacitive / frequency technology, temperature and EC. The stability of soil aggregates was also measured as an indicator of soil degradation. The electrical conductivity of the soil during pre-sowing (or after sowing) treatment was higher than at the end of the growing season. Experimental studies were carried out in the western part of the city of Prague on the campus of the Czech University of Life Sciences with geographic coordinates 50 ° 8'N and 14 ° 23'E. The altitude is 286 m, the average annual air temperature is 9.1 ° C, the amount of precipitation is 495 mm. The soil is loamy chernozem with a content of 22.0 ... 32.5% sand, 39.5 ... 54.0% silt and 22.0 ... 28.0% clay. The limiting field moisture capacity of the soil and the moisture content of stable wilting are 34 and 21%, respectively. It was found that fertigation in the short term is not harmful to the soil in the presence of sufficient precipitation