Проблема концептуализации когнитивного субъекта даршан

Abstract

There in the article the author considers the problem of using the two most im­portant concepts of Western philosophy, reason and rationality, for the translation of Indian logico-epistemological texts written in Sanskrit. This is one of the many problems arose in connection with using of Western philosophy language for describing and explanation of non-Western philosophical concepts. Since in the West the reason is considered as the highest cognitive ability of the subject of knowledge, in the article three generalized models of the subject (in Vedānta, Jainism and Buddhism) are reconstructed. The models demonstrate that the us­age of the concept of reason in translations of traditional Indian philosophical texts leads to distortions of autochthonous texts’ meanings. The author reinforces her conclusion by suggesting the hypothesis of three main determinants of the inapplicability of the concept of reason, which are derived from the differences in the history of Indian and Western intellectual cultures. Those determinants were: the lack of consensus on the issue of structure of the subject among Indian philosophers due to their belonging to different traditions; the lack of the idea of the Highest (Absolut) divine Reason; the absence of the absolutization of human mind, which elevates man above all other living beings as capable of cognition and reasoning.