경순왕 영정에 표현된 복식 연구

Abstract

Five portraits of King Gyeongsun are displayed in the Gyeongju National Museum: one copy is from Gojaam, and four copies are from Sangyongam. The purpose of this study is to identify the costume of King Gyeongsun in the portraits. First, the shape of the costume is examined for each component of the clothes. Second, historical background and changing aspects of clothing are analyzed through relevant historical literature and visual analysis. Third, the similarities and influences of the costume are determined by comparing the portrait with the Buddhist painting. In the portrait, King Gyeongsun is wearing a headgear and a round-necked coat, holding a scepter and wearing shoes. The following are the two types of headgear: a cylindrical crown in the Gojaam copy and Myeollyugwan in the Sangyongam copy. The cylindrical crown is similar in shape to that of the Buddha and the Buddhist saint. Furthermore, the crown’s partial decorations are similar to 12 zodiac signs’ Ryanggwan inscribed on the royal tombs of the Goryeo Dynasty. In the portraits, King Gyeongsun is wearing a round-necked coat with cylindrical crown or Myeollyugwan. The ensemble of headgear and clothing varies on the wearing style during the Goryeo Dynasty. In addition, the king wears a long fabric belt with front cloth panel, which was also seen in the statue of Queen Jindeok of Silla. The circular design in the Gojaam copy is most likely to have been added as it was replicated in the 17th century. The costume depicted in the portraits is very similar to that of Siwangdo in the late Joseon Dynasty as compared with Obangojewido among the Buddhist paintings. Similar clothing design also resembles the 12 zodiac signs inscribed on the tombs of the Goryeo and Joseon Dynasties.