ТРАНСФОРМАЦІЯ ПОХОВАЛЬНОГО ОБРЯДУ ВІКІНГІВ У VIII–XI ст.

Abstract

The article examines the evolution and development of the Viking funeral rite during the VIII–XI centuries, using the myths and poems which provide information about beliefs, funeral rites, its variations, and all possible ways associated with this rite, which were common in the North. The author also refers to the research of scientists and archeological data. The difference between burial processes according to territorial affiliation as well as temporal affiliation is explained. The article draws attention to the variety of burials depending on the status of the person. The influence of Christianity and its resistance is highlighted. It is noted that the beginning of the Viking Age was characterized by a return to purely pagan forms of burial. The focus is on the variety of burials and the lack of their unity, which refutes the assertion of the similarity of this rite among the Normans. The author does not ignore the rite of funeral ale and the distribution of property after death, because the custom is characterized by compliance with rules and traditions.