Новобиксентеевский клад металлических изделий конца VI – VII вв. в Нижнем Прикамье

Abstract

The article covers the treasure trove of bronze jewelry found by the employees of LLC “Archeology of the East European Plain” in 2022 when determining the boundaries of the Novobiksenteevsky settlement located in the Lower Kama region (Iksko-Belsky interfluve). On the southern borderline of the settlement, on the plowed surface with the help of metal search devices 32 objects were identified, which were located in a compact group on the area of about 11×7 m. On the spot of the greatest concentration of findings, a 3×2 m-sized soil pit was dug, in the plowed layer of which ten more valuable findings were identified just as well. While conditioning the mainland surface numerous traces of modern mechanical plow knives designed for deep plowing and their impact were revealed. Thus, we assume that as a result of agricultural labour on this allocated site, the treasure was turned out of the ground, which according to the materials of the Novobiksenteevsky settlement, coincides with the main complex of this monument and can be dated back to the end of the VI – VII centuries. Novobiksenteevsky treasure is represented by 42 items. It includes noisy and wheel-shaped suspensions, fragments of hryvnia, belt linings, various under-layings and fragments of other metal products. The items of the found treasure have never been registed in the early medieval antiquities of Zakamye. The closest analogies come from the monuments of the Vyatka, Sylva and Cheptsy river basins, as well as the Upper Kama Region, which belong to the Yemanayevskaya, Nevolinskaya, Polomskaya and Lomovatovskaya cultures. Based on the listed analogies, the time of placing the Novobiksenteevsky treasure into the ground can be approximately related to the end of the VI – VII centuries. For most of the items of the found treasure the identification of chemical composition using X-ray analysis was held, which made it possible to assign the main types of metals and alloys. The metal composition of the Novobiksenteevsky treasure is also typical for bronze articles of the Kama region cultures of the VI–VII centuries.