ДЕЙСТВИЕ БИОЛОГИЧЕСКИХ ПРЕПАРАТОВ НА ОСНОВЕ TRICHODERMA НА ПОВЫШЕНИЕ УРОЖАЙНОСТИ ПОДСОЛНЕЧНИКА

Abstract

The use of biological preparations for the plant protection against pathogens based on fungal microorganisms is important under conditions of agroecosystem pesticidal stress. The aim of research is to determine the effect of Gliocladin-SC and Trichodermin-SC biological preparations based on the genus Trichoderma fungi to increase the sunflower yield by the method of presowing seed treatment. The research objectives included conducting field trials, determining the plant density, plant height, basket diameter, harvest quantities, the biological products biological effectiveness in reducing the development of sunflower root rot and sclerotinia. Investigations were carried out in 2014-2016 on the experimental basis of the Institute of Genetics, Physiology and Plant Protection of Moldova, Chisinau. As a result of two-year field trials of Gliocladin-SC and Trichodermin-SC biopreparations on the Luceafarul hybrid, their significant effect was established under the extreme conditions of the dry period in 2015. In favorable conditions of 2014, the effect of biopreparations was less noticeable, the increase in yield was 8.06-8.5%. When processing Gliocladin-SC and Trichodermin-SC biopreparations the Donskoy large-fruited variety seeds, the number of productive plants was increased by 7.1% and 6.2%. The yield was increased by 56% and 245%, respectively, compared to the control. The Gliocladin-SC and Trichodermin-SC preparations biological effectiveness in reducing the development of sunflower root rot was 64.7% and 63.2%, respectively, and the effectiveness of the chemical standard was 41.6%. The biopreparations biological effectiveness in reducing the development of the basket form of white rot was 82.4% and 81.5%, respectively, when the effectiveness of the chemical standard was 60.2%.