Полиморфизм микросателлитных локусов сортов вишни (Prunus cerasus L.) современной селекции Всероссийского селекционно-технологического института садоводства и питомниководства

Abstract

Species of genus Prunus (peach, plum, apricot, cherry and almond) are of great economic importance. Peach ( P. persica ) is one of the most well studied representatives of the genus, for which a series of SSR-markers has been developed. These markers were subsequently successfully applied to study other Prunus species. Microsatellite markers have also been successfully used for certification and genetic diversity studies of the American tetraploid cherry collection, collections of cherry varieties from Latvia and Iran. However, it should be noted that there were practically no studies of the Russian sour cherry gene pool using modern molecular genetic approaches. Work on the phenotypic evaluation of sour cherry varieties bred in All-Russian Horticultural Institute for Breeding, Agrotechnology and Nursery is carried out for many years. As a result, for a number of varieties, obtaining identification passports using DNA markers became relevant. The aim of this work was the genetic diversity study of 10 sour cherry varieties bred in All-Russian Horticultural Institute for Breeding, Agrotechnology and Nursery and SSR genotyping on the basis of Vavilov Institute of General Genetics of Russian Academy of Sciences. Six SSR-markers were used for the analysis: UDP96-001 , UDP96-003 , UDP96-005 , UDP97-402 , UDP97-403 and UDP98-406 , for each of the markers stable, clearly reproducible results were obtained. As a result, 28 alleles were identified at six studied loci. The number of alleles per locus varied from 4 ( UDP96-001 , UDP96-003 , UDP97-403 ) to 6 ( UDP97-402 ), and on average was amounted to 4.7 alleles per locus. The polymorphism information content (PIC) averaged 0,64. The selected markers proved to be quite effective for the study of the Russian sour cherry varieties genetic diversity. For each studied variety, a unique combination of alleles was detected that can be used to identify and certify these varieties. The results can also be used to preserve and maintain the genetic collection of sour cherry.