Abstract
DNA damage such as genotoxicity was identified with comet assay, which blood cell of a marine parrot fish (Oplegnathus fasciatus) was exposed to an acidified seawater, lowered pH gradient making of <TEX>$CO_2$</TEX> gas. The gradient of pH were 8.22, 8.03, 7.81, 7.55 with control as HBSS solution with pH 7.4. DNA tail moment of fish blood cell was <TEX>$0.548{\pm}0.071$</TEX> exposed seawater of pH 8.22 condition, on the other hand, DNA tail moment <TEX>$1.601{\pm}0.197$</TEX> exposed acidified seawater of pH 7.55 lowest condition. The approximate difference with level of DNA damage was 2.9 times between highest and lowest of pH. DNA damage with decreasing pH was significantly increased with DNA tail moment on blood cell of marine fish (ANOVA, p < 0.001). Ocean acidification, especially inducing the leakage of sequestered <TEX>$CO_2$</TEX> in geological structure is a consequence from the burning of fossil fuels, and long term effects on marine habitats and organisms are not fully investigated. The physiological effects on adult fish species are even less known. This result shown that the potential of dissolved <TEX>$CO_2$</TEX> in seawater was revealed to induce the toxic effect on genotoxicity such as DNA breakage.
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