메이지기 번역어의 탄생과 한국 수용 - [obligation]이 [의무(義務)]로 번역되기까지 -

Abstract

This study is aimed to observe the process of translating ‘obligations’ into Japanese, which are the basic concept of the modern rule of law in western ideology. In the early 1860s (which were the early days of modern Japanese translation), there were various types of translations such as [務][職分][關係]. In the mid1860s, the narrative translation form was often used, such as [務むへき義] [務めさることの義] [義を務む]. Among these descriptive translation forms, [義務] was created and used, which abbreviates [義を務む] which is similar to the Japanese narrative form. After 1870, enlightenment scholars at Kaiseizo (開成所) and Meirokusya (明六社) used [義務] in more than narrative translation forms in their works, thereby spreading it to the general public. In Korean data, “義務” was first discovered by “Hanseong Jubo” (1886). In the 1890s, examples used in modern Western enlightenment books such as “Seoyu Gyeonmun” (1895), popular newspapers like the “Hwangseong Newspaper” (1898), and the “Independent Newspaper” (1899) were found. Through this, it is judged that [義務] in Joseon in the late 1890s was generalized to the extent that it would not be unreasonable to use it with the general public.