Особливості біотопічного розподілу зайця сірого (Lepus Europaeus l.) в агроландшафтах лісостепу України

Abstract

In the paper the particularities of static distribution of grey hare in the modern agrolandscapes of the Forest-steppe of Ukraine are given. Researches were carried out during 2015-2017 at not the vegetative periods - from November 1 to March 31. The main methods of field observations were typological and monitoring; the cameral works – mathematically-statistical and analytical. Now such standard ways of assessment of a condition of populations of field fauna as their quantitative analysis, relevant to supplement with studying of static localization of their territorial groups. The last allows to define the concrete ecological factors defining redistribution of fauna representatives in anthropogenic ecosystems and by that to improve the existing discriminatory analyses of types of hunting grounds on categories of value. From the scientific point of view, similar measures in relation to settled economically useful types, in particular a grey hare which is characterized high plurality in the choice of individual sites among agrolandscapes of the modern of the Forest-steppe of Ukraine look especially important. So, in Right-bank forestry hunting zone the frequency of occurrence of a grey hare among open landscapes (arable lands, meadows etc) at not the vegetative period was only 27,5% whereas in Left-bank - in general 23,5%. At that time the others of meetings with animals fell on the half-closed and closed cenosis among field grounds. In view of much smaller indicators of mediocrity and variegation of landscapes flat Left-bank of forestry hunting zone and, in this regard, it more intensively economic development to comparison with Right-bank, it is essential difference (32,1%), between population density of a grey hare is characteristic on the processed lands of the specified zones in favour of a right bank. Here the meeting was also frequent, concerning a left bank - on crop residue to an eddish (+ 14,7%), among long-term (+ 8,7%) and winter (+ 29,7%) crops whereas among the bushes and beams interspersed in left bank agrolandscapes the meeting was higher respectively for 8,4 and 21,0% in comparison with a right bank. Generalizing the received results of space studying distribution of a grey hare in the modern Forest-steppe of Ukraine and also similar researches of domestic scientists within the last 50 years, the state can draw a conclusion on serious changes in static redistribution of animals for the 21st century, as a result of continued industrialization of agricultural production towards the growing attraction of local groups to development of half-closed natural and semi-natural cenosis among agrolandscapes in process of strengthening of anthropogenic impact on loading on arable lands. The specified tendencies are traced in a section of the zones investigated forestry hunting with rather good natural and agroecological characteristics.