Новые немецкие лексемы с компонентом Impf-: структурно-семантический анализ

Abstract

The study aims to determine the word-creation mechanisms and their features in formation of neologisms with the Impf- component in the modern German language. The paper examines the ways of formation of new lexemes, identifies the dominant and non-standard models of formation of words and phrases, justifies the use of certain suffixes and cognitive mechanisms, identifies the thematic groups of neologisms. Scientific novelty of the study lies in analysing neologisms with the Impf- component from the position of a structural and semantic description of new lexemes. It has been determined that the majority of the studied lexical units were formed as a result of compounding, which reflects the tendency of nominalisation and univerbation in German. The semantic features of compound lexemes denoting a doer formed using the productive suffix -er are described. The properties of the semantic structure of words ending in the suffix -i are revealed. The cases of formation of words and phrases by structural analogy are considered. It has been shown that compounds with a metaphorical meaning serve to express the attitude of German society to new realities. As a result of the study, it has been proved that a phenomenon of such a scale as vaccination against COVID-19 is an incentive to activate productive word-formation models of the German language, as well as to introduce other linguistic factors in the way of formation of new lexemes. The studied corpus of neologisms gives an idea of the new division and structuring of the discursive space.