Особенности микробиоты желудка пациентов с Helicobacter pylori-ассоциированными заболеваниями

Abstract

Scientists consider changes in the composition of the stomach microbiota in the presence of Helicobacter pylori as an additional factor inducing inflammation and dystrophy of the gastric mucosa. Purpose. The assessment of the gastric microbiota in patients with H. pylori-associated diseases. Material and methods. The study involved 20 patients with chronic stomach diseases: 10 patients were H. pylori-positive; 10 persons were H. pylori-negative (control group). Patients underwent sampling of the gastric lining followed by histological and microbiological examination of inoculation on nutrient media, determining the urease activity in the biopsy specimen and total antibodies to the H. pylori CagA antigen. Results. 90% of H. pylori-positive patients showed growth of Enterococcus spp. on a nutrient medium against 30% of individuals in the control group (p = 0.02). Growth of Enterococcus spp. in patients with helicobacteriosis reached 5.8 [5.2; 6.4] lg CFU/g, in H. pylori-negative persons 4.8 [4.3; 5.0] lg CFU/g (p = 0.04). In the control group, no fungal microflora was found, in 40% of H. pylori-positive individuals, the growth of Candida spp. reached 5.9 [5.6; 6.4] lg CFU/g. Growth of Staphylococcus spp. and Lactobacillus spp. did not have significant differences in the groups. In patients with more severe symptoms of dyspepsia, Enterococcus spp. were present in the stomach microbiota (r = 0.52, p < 0.05). Conclusion. Microbiota of the stomach in patients with H. pylori-associated diseases is polymorphic; it includes Enterococcus spp., Staphylococcus spp., Lactobacillus spp., Candida spp. Enterococcus spp. are three times more likely to be present in the stomach microbiota in H. pylori-positive patients than in H. pylori-negative individuals (p < 0.05). The presence of Enterococcus spp. in the microbiota of the stomach was significantly associated with more severe symptoms of dyspepsia.